--- title: When he saw what had happened he did not like to return to his wife… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When he saw what had happened he did not like to return to his wife at once, as she might deny him, so he waited until it was dark and then joined his wife. Who acts: hare, wife, tail. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Cha --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/48/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/) / 48 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 48 When he saw what had happened he did not like to return to his wife at once, as she might deny him, so he waited until it was dark and then joined his wife. **Who acts:** hare, wife, tail · **What happens:** see, happen, not like, return, deny, wait · **To what, where:** hare, wife · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, wife, tail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:19:48 # text = When he saw what had happened he did not like to return to his wife at once, as she might deny him, so he waited until it was dark and then joined his wife. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 4 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 6 nsubj _ _ 5 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 happened happen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 7 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 8 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 9 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 10 advmod _ _ 10 like like VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 parataxis _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 16 at at ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 as as SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 deny deny VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 waited wait VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 28 until until SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 31 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 advcl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 34 advmod _ _ 34 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 35 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | hare | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **happen** | past · perfect | | | | | | what *nsubj* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **not** **like** | past · do-support | hare | | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 4 | **return** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | hare *not said here* | | | | | to hare's wife *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to wife=Result | | 5 | **deny** | might | wife | hare | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality | | 6 | **wait** | past | hare | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **is** | past | tail | | | | | dark *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **join** | past | hare *not said here* | hare's wife | | | then | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wife=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/47/) - next →: [sentence 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/49/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/)