--- title: The next day the woman was made to pay for the three missing cakes o… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: The next day the woman was made to pay for the three missing cakes of camwood, and the chief told the other women slaves that the punishment the woman had received should be a warning to them and make them work harder. Who acts: woman, chief, punishment. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Souther --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/) / 14 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 14 The next day the woman was made to pay for the three missing cakes of camwood, and the chief told the other women slaves that the punishment the woman had received should be a warning to them and make them work harder. **Who acts:** woman, chief, punishment · **What happens:** make, pay, tell, receive, be, work · **To what, where:** woman, other women slaves, punishment, warning · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, chief, punishment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:20:14 # text = The next day the woman was made to pay for the three missing cakes of camwood, and the chief told the other women slaves that the punishment the woman had received should be a warning to them and make them work harder. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl:unmarked _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 12 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 13 missing missing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 cakes cake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 camwood camwood NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 23 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 24 women woman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 compound _ _ 25 slaves slave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 punishment punishment NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 31 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 received receive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 acl:relcl _ _ 33 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 34 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 36 cop _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nmod _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 conj _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 xcomp _ _ 43 harder hard ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past · passive | | the woman | | | day | | tree rules | | 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive | the woman *not said here* | | | | | for the three missing cakes of camwood | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for cake=Theme | | 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the chief | the other women slaves | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent slave=Recipient | | 4 | **receive** | past · perfect | the woman | the punishment *not said here* | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent punishment=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | should | the punishment | a warning | woman | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **make** | infinitive | the chief *not said here* | woman | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **work** | infinitive | woman *not said here* | | | | | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/13/) - next →: [sentence 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/15/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/)