--- title: When the chiefs of Inkum heard of the disease which Chief Erim had d… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When the chiefs of Inkum heard of the disease which Chief Erim had died from, they made an order that the body should be buried in a deep grave in the bush, that the funeral should not be kept as usual, and that no one was to mourn for the dead chief, as the sickness he had died from was a very dang --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/) / 40 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 40 When the chiefs of Inkum heard of the disease which Chief Erim had died from, they made an order that the body should be buried in a deep grave in the bush, that the funeral should not be kept as usual, and that no one was to mourn for the dead chief, as the sickness he had died from was a very dangerous one, and if anyone cried for him they would get the disease. **Who acts:** chiefs, disease, slaves, one, Chief, sickness · **What happens:** hear, die, make, bury, not keep, be · **To what, where:** order, body, deep grave, funeral, sickness, dangerous one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chiefs, disease, slaves, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:20:40 # text = When the chiefs of Inkum heard of the disease which Chief Erim had died from, they made an order that the body should be buried in a deep grave in the bush, that the funeral should not be kept as usual, and that no one was to mourn for the dead chief, as the sickness he had died from was a very dangerous one, and if anyone cried for him they would get the disease. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 chiefs chief NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Inkum Inkum PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 disease disease NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 11 Chief Chief PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 12 Erim Erim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 flat _ _ 13 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 died die VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 acl:relcl _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 19 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 25 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 buried bury VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 advcl _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 deep deep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 grave grave NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 bush bush NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 35 that that SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 funeral funeral NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 38 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 39 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 41 advmod _ _ 40 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 conj _ _ 42 as as ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 usual usual ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 46 that that SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 47 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 48 det _ _ 48 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nsubj _ _ 49 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 51 cop _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 51 mark _ _ 51 mourn mourn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 parataxis _ _ 52 for for ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 54 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 55 amod _ _ 55 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 57 as as ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 sickness sickness NOUN NN Number=Sing 68 nsubj _ _ 60 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 62 nsubj _ _ 61 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 62 aux _ _ 62 died die VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 59 acl:relcl _ _ 63 from from ADP IN _ 62 obl _ _ 64 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 68 cop _ _ 65 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 66 very very ADV RB _ 67 advmod _ _ 67 dangerous dangerous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 68 amod _ _ 68 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 69 , , PUNCT , _ 73 punct _ _ 70 and and CCONJ CC _ 73 cc _ _ 71 if if SCONJ IN _ 73 mark _ _ 72 anyone anyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 73 nsubj _ _ 73 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 74 for for ADP IN _ 75 case _ _ 75 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 73 obl _ _ 76 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 78 nsubj _ _ 77 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 78 aux _ _ 78 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 73 ccomp _ _ 79 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 80 det _ _ 80 disease disease NOUN NN Number=Sing 78 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 81 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past | the chiefs of Inkum | | | | | of the disease | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of disease=Stimulus | | 2 | **die** | past · perfect | the disease | | | | | Chief *nsubj* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **make** | past | slaves *= slave* | a order | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset order=Product | | 4 | **bury** | should · passive | | the body | | a deep grave | | in the bush | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in grave=Destination | | 5 | **not** **keep** | should · passive | | the funeral | | | | as usual | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 6 | **is** | past | no one | | | | | for the dead chief; mourn *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **die** | past · perfect | Chief | the sickness *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **is a** | past | the sickness | a dangerous one | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **cry** *speech: express* *a condition, not said to happen* | past | anyone | | | | | for Chief | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 10 | **get** | would | slaves *= slave* | the disease | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer disease=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/39/) - next →: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/41/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/)