--- title: The first woman slave who failed to bring her twelve cakes of camwoo… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: The first woman slave who failed to bring her twelve cakes of camwood was given forty lashes instead of fifty, but Oga Erim said that he was young yet, but that as he got older he would be much more severe and punish the people far more cruelly than his father had ever done, as he intended to be ver --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/) / 43 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 43 The first woman slave who failed to bring her twelve cakes of camwood was given forty lashes instead of fifty, but Oga Erim said that he was young yet, but that as he got older he would be much more severe and punish the people far more cruelly than his father had ever done, as he intended to be very wealthy, and they would have to work much harder than they had done during his father’s lifetime unless they wished to be badly punished. **Who acts:** first woman slave, Oga, that, father, slaves · **What happens:** fail, not bring, give, say, be, get · **To what, where:** twelve cakes, body, first woman slave, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first woman slave, Oga, that, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:20:43 # text = The first woman slave who failed to bring her twelve cakes of camwood was given forty lashes instead of fifty, but Oga Erim said that he was young yet, but that as he got older he would be much more severe and punish the people far more cruelly than his father had ever done, as he intended to be very wealthy, and they would have to work much harder than they had done during his father’s lifetime unless they wished to be badly punished. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 amod _ _ 3 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 slave slave NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 6 failed fail VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 twelve twelve NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 cakes cake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 camwood camwood NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 16 forty forty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 lashes lash NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 18 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 20 case _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 18 fixed _ _ 20 fifty fifty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 but but CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 Oga Oga PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 Erim Erim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 flat _ _ 25 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 29 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 ccomp _ _ 30 yet yet ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 32 but but CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 33 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 nsubj _ _ 34 as as SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 37 older old ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 36 xcomp _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 39 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 40 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 43 cop _ _ 41 much much ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 43 advmod _ _ 43 severe severe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 parataxis _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 punish punish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 conj _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 obj _ _ 48 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 49 advmod _ _ 49 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 50 advmod _ _ 50 cruelly cruelly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 conj _ _ 51 than than SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 52 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 53 nmod:poss _ _ 53 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nsubj _ _ 54 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 55 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 56 advmod _ _ 56 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 50 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 57 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 58 as as SCONJ IN _ 60 mark _ _ 59 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 60 intended intend VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 56 advcl _ _ 61 to to PART TO _ 64 mark _ _ 62 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 64 cop _ _ 63 very very ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ _ 64 wealthy wealthy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 65 , , PUNCT , _ 69 punct _ _ 66 and and CCONJ CC _ 69 cc _ _ 67 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 69 nsubj _ _ 68 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 69 aux _ _ 69 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 45 parataxis _ _ 70 to to PART TO _ 71 mark _ _ 71 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 69 xcomp _ _ 72 much much ADV RB _ 73 advmod _ _ 73 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 71 parataxis _ _ 74 than than SCONJ IN _ 77 mark _ _ 75 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 77 nsubj _ _ 76 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 77 aux _ _ 77 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 73 advcl _ _ 78 during during ADP IN _ 82 case _ _ 79 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 80 nmod:poss _ _ 80 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 82 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 81 ’s 's PART POS _ 80 case _ _ 82 lifetime lifetime NOUN NN Number=Sing 77 obl _ _ 83 unless unless SCONJ IN _ 85 mark _ _ 84 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 85 nsubj _ _ 85 wished wish VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 77 advcl _ _ 86 to to PART TO _ 89 mark _ _ 87 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 89 aux:pass _ _ 88 badly badly ADV RB Degree=Pos 89 advmod _ _ 89 punished punish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 85 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 90 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fail** | past | the first woman slave | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **not** **bring** | to-infinitive | the first woman slave *not said here* | twelve cakes of camwood | body | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent she=Destination cake=Theme | | 3 | **give** | past · passive | | the first woman slave | | | | instead fifty; forty lashes *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient lash=Theme | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Oga | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | past | Oga | | | | yet | young *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **get** | past | that | | | | | Oga *nsubj*; old *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **is** | would | Oga | | | | | severe *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **punish** | present | that *not said here* | the people | | | | | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | | 9 | **do** | past · perfect | Oga's father | | | | ever | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **intend** | past | father | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | father *not said here* | | | | | wealthy *property* | tree rules | | 12 | **have** | would | slaves *= slave* | | | | | | tree rules | | 13 | **work** | to-infinitive | slaves *= slave* *not said here* | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 14 | **do** | past · perfect | slaves *= slave* | | | | during Oga's father's lifetime | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 15 | **wish** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | slaves *= slave* | | | | | | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 16 | **punish** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | | | | | | badly *property* | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/42/) - next →: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/44/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/)