---
title: They then called Oga Erim’s name and told the ju-ju to kill him and… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: They then called Oga Erim’s name and told the ju-ju to kill him and not to harm anyone else. Who acts: slaves, Oga. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 51

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They then called Oga Erim’s name and told the ju-ju to kill him and not to harm anyone else.

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**Who acts:** slaves, Oga · **What happens:** call, tell, kill, not harm, name · **To what, where:** name, ju ju, Oga, anyone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slaves, Oga), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:20:51
# text = They then called Oga Erim’s name and told the ju-ju to kill him and not to harm anyone else.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Oga	Oga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	_
5	Erim	Erim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’s	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
21	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	20	obj	_	_
22	else	else	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | slaves *= slave* | Oga's name |  |  | then |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | slaves *= slave* *not said here* | the ju ju |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent ju=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **kill** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | Oga |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **harm** | to-infinitive |  | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus anyone=Experiencer |
| 5 | **name** |  | Oga |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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