---
title: The chiefs were also informed, and many people came to mourn, the wo… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The chiefs were also informed, and many people came to mourn, the women throwing themselves on the ground weeping. Who acts: many people, women. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, with its depe
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 63

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The chiefs were also informed, and many people came to mourn, the women throwing themselves on the ground weeping.

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**Who acts:** many people, women · **What happens:** inform, come, mourn, throw · **To what, where:** chiefs, woman, ground weeping

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many people, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:20:63
# text = The chiefs were also informed, and many people came to mourn, the women throwing themselves on the ground weeping.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	informed	inform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	mourn	mourn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
17	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	16	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	weeping	weeping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inform** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | the chiefs |  |  |  |  | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **come** | past | many people |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mourn** | to-infinitive | many people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **throw** | gerund | the women | woman |  | the ground weeping |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme on weeping=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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