---
title: Odaggha Eyu then bought five slaves, promising to pay for them after… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Odaggha Eyu then bought five slaves, promising to pay for them after the funeral; these slaves he killed and placed in the grave with his brother. Who acts: Odaggha, slaves. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 68

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Odaggha Eyu then bought five slaves, promising to pay for them after the funeral; these slaves he killed and placed in the grave with his brother.

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**Who acts:** Odaggha, slaves · **What happens:** buy, promise, pay, kill, place · **To what, where:** five slaves, grave

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Odaggha, slaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:20:68
# text = Odaggha Eyu then bought five slaves, promising to pay for them after the funeral; these slaves he killed and placed in the grave with his brother.
1	Odaggha	Odaggha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	Eyu	Eyu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	promising	promise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Odaggha | five slaves |  |  | then |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slave=Theme |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | gerund | Odaggha *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **pay** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Odaggha *not said here* |  |  |  | after the funeral | for slaves *= slave* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for they=Theme |
| 4 | **kill** | past | this slaves |  |  |  |  | Odaggha *nsubj* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **place** | participle | this slaves *not said here* |  |  | the grave |  | with Odaggha's brother | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in grave=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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