---
title: The slave replied that he had received nothing himself, but suggeste… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The slave replied that he had received nothing himself, but suggested that the spirit of his late father had taken all the rods away. Who acts: slave, Odoggha. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 76

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The slave replied that he had received nothing himself, but suggested that the spirit of his late father had taken all the rods away.

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**Who acts:** slave, Odoggha · **What happens:** reply, receive, suggest, take · **To what, where:** nothing, spirit · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slave, Odoggha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:20:76
# text = The slave replied that he had received nothing himself, but suggested that the spirit of his late father had taken all the rods away.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
8	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	obj	_	_
9	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	suggested	suggest	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	rods	rod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
25	away	away	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the slave |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **receive** | past · perfect | Odoggha | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme |
| 3 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **take** | past · perfect · passive |  | the spirit of Odoggha's late father |  |  |  | all rods *obj*; away *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme rod=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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