---
title: The python said, “Certainly, you can help yourselves, but remember i… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The python said, “Certainly, you can help yourselves, but remember if you do, when I am hungry I shall follow you and swallow you up when I catch you.” Who acts: python, you. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxix.--why a Python Never Swallows a Tortoise
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxix.--why a Python Never Swallows a Tortoise., sentence 13

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The python said, “Certainly, you can help yourselves, but remember if you do, when I am hungry I shall follow you and swallow you up when I catch you.”

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**Who acts:** python, you · **What happens:** say, help, remember, do, be, follow · **To what, where:** yourselves, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxix.--why a Python Never Swallows a Tortoise.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (python, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:22:13
# text = The python said, “Certainly, you can help yourselves, but remember if you do, when I am hungry I shall follow you and swallow you up when I catch you.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	python	python	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
11	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	22	mark	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	advcl	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	parataxis	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	up	up	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
31	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	33	advmod	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	_
34	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the python |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **help** *in a quote* | can | you | yourselves |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourselves=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **remember** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **do** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the python *= python* |  |  |  |  | hungry *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **follow** *in a quote* | shall | the python *= python* | you |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 7 | **swallow up** *in a quote* | infinitive | the python *= python* *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
| 8 | **catch** *in a quote* | present | the python *= python* | you |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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