---
title: In the days when all the animals and birds lived together they were… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: In the days when all the animals and birds lived together they were always on friendly terms, even the eagles and hawks did not molest the hens and ducks. Who acts: animals, friendly terms. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-see
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 1

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In the days when all the animals and birds lived together they were always on friendly terms, even the eagles and hawks did not molest the hens and ducks.

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**Who acts:** animals, friendly terms · **What happens:** live together, be, not molest · **To what, where:** friendly terms, hens

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, friendly terms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:23:1
# text = In the days when all the animals and birds lived together they were always on friendly terms, even the eagles and hawks did not molest the hens and ducks.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	17	advmod	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	terms	term	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	even	even	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	eagles	eagle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	hawks	hawk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
24	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
26	molest	molest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	hens	hen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live together** | past | all animals and birds |  |  |  | day | together *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | animals *= animal* |  |  | friendly terms and the eagles and hawks |  | the eagles *conj*; hawks *conj*; always *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **molest** | past · do-support | friendly terms and the eagles and hawks | the hens and ducks |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus hen=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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