---
title: So in the early morning the hawk flew off to where he knew there was… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: So in the early morning the hawk flew off to where he knew there was a very tall tree covered with creepers. Who acts: hawk, king. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., with its depende
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/23/11/)

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 11

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So in the early morning the hawk flew off to where he knew there was a very tall tree covered with creepers.

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**Who acts:** hawk, king · **What happens:** fly off, know, be, cover · **To what, where:** tall tree · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hawk, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:23:11
# text = So in the early morning the hawk flew off to where he knew there was a very tall tree covered with creepers.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
15	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	very	very	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
20	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	creepers	creeper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly off** | past | the hawk |  |  |  | morning |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | past | king | a tall tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** | past |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **cover** | participle |  | a tall tree *not said here* |  |  |  | with creepers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with creeper=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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