---
title: The hawk flew off the next morning, and very shortly afterwards the… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The hawk flew off the next morning, and very shortly afterwards the bush cow dashed off into the forest to look for him. Who acts: hawk, bush cow. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 22

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The hawk flew off the next morning, and very shortly afterwards the bush cow dashed off into the forest to look for him.

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**Who acts:** hawk, bush cow · **What happens:** fly off, dash off, look · **To what, where:** forest

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hawk, bush cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:23:22
# text = The hawk flew off the next morning, and very shortly afterwards the bush cow dashed off into the forest to look for him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	dashed	dash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	off	off	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly off** | past | the hawk |  |  |  | morning |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location morning=Theme |
| 2 | **dash off** | past | the bush cow |  |  | the forest |  | afterwards *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into forest=Destination |
| 3 | **look** | to-infinitive | the bush cow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for antelope | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for he=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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