---
title: At last, however, the bush cow did as the cock suggested, to find ou… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: At last, however, the bush cow did as the cock suggested, to find out if what he had said was true, and at once the hawk flew up and was seen by the bush cow who at once galloped off and told the antelope that he had found the hawk and had very nearly caught him with his hoof. Who acts: bush cow, co
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow., sentence 33

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At last, however, the bush cow did as the cock suggested, to find out if what he had said was true, and at once the hawk flew up and was seen by the bush cow who at once galloped off and told the antelope that he had found the hawk and had very nearly caught him with his hoof.

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**Who acts:** bush cow, cock, antelope, hawk · **What happens:** do, suggest, find out, say, be, fly up · **To what, where:** last, bush cow, antelope, hawk · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxx.--the Game of Hide-and-seek As Played By the Hawk and the Bush Cow.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bush cow, cock, antelope, hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:23:33
# text = At last, however, the bush cow did as the cock suggested, to find out if what he had said was true, and at once the hawk flew up and was seen by the bush cow who at once galloped off and told the antelope that he had found the hawk and had very nearly caught him with his hoof.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	however	however	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cock	cock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	suggested	suggest	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	nsubj	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	acl:relcl	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	31	obl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
32	up	up	ADP	RP	_	31	compound:prt	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	conj	_	_
36	by	by	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj:pass	_	_
41	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
42	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	43	advmod	_	_
43	galloped	gallop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	acl:relcl	_	_
44	off	off	ADP	RP	_	43	compound:prt	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	conj	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	antelope	antelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	iobj	_	_
49	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	52	mark	_	_
50	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
51	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	46	ccomp	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obj	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
56	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	conj	_	_
57	very	very	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
58	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	59	advmod	_	_
59	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	advcl	_	_
60	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	obj	_	_
61	with	with	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	63	nmod:poss	_	_
63	hoof	hoof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | the bush cow |  |  | last |  | however *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | past | the cock |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **find out** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | antelope |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past |  |  |  |  |  | what *nsubj*; true *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **fly up** | past | the hawk |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent at once=Location |
| 7 | **see** | past · passive | the bush cow |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **gallop off** | participle · passive |  | the bush cow |  |  |  | once *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Agent |
| 9 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the bush cow *not said here* |  | the antelope |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent antelope=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 10 | **find** | past · perfect | antelope | the hawk |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hawk=Topic |
| 11 | **have** | past | antelope *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 12 | **catch** | past | antelope *not said here* | antelope |  |  |  | with antelope's hoof; nearly *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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