---
title: Later in the evening, the chief called Agbor Adam to him, and asked… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Later in the evening, the chief called Agbor Adam to him, and asked him if he could explain what the bird had been saying, but he could not do so, and said he would like the lot caster to be consulted when they returned to Okuni. Who acts: Adam, bird, ashes. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Sou
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 54

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Later in the evening, the chief called Agbor Adam to him, and asked him if he could explain what the bird had been saying, but he could not do so, and said he would like the lot caster to be consulted when they returned to Okuni.

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**Who acts:** Adam, bird, ashes · **What happens:** call, ask, explain, say, not do, like · **To what, where:** chief, Adam, lot caster, Okuni · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adam, bird, ashes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:25:54
# text = Later in the evening, the chief called Agbor Adam to him, and asked him if he could explain what the bird had been saying, but he could not do so, and said he would like the lot caster to be consulted when they returned to Okuni.
1	Later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	Agbor	Agbor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Adam	Adam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	explain	explain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
21	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	26	obj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	aux	_	_
26	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	ccomp	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
41	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	_
42	caster	caster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
43	to	to	PART	TO	_	45	mark	_	_
44	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	aux:pass	_	_
45	consulted	consult	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	42	acl	_	_
46	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	48	advmod	_	_
47	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
48	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	advcl	_	_
49	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	Okuni	Okuni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | the chief *not said here* | Adam |  |  | Agbor Adam *xcomp* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past |  |  | Adam |  |  | late *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 3 | **explain** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | could | Adam |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect · progressive | the bird |  |  |  |  | what *obj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **do** | could | bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **like** | would | bird | the lot caster |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot caster=Theme |
| 8 | **consult** | to-infinitive · passive | bird *not said here* | the lot caster *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V» |
| 9 | **return** | past | ashes *= ash* |  | Okuni |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to okuni=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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