---
title: Early the next morning, Aictor perched himself on the topmost branch… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Early the next morning, Aictor perched himself on the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp, and started to call Agbor Adam’s name as loudly as he could. Who acts: Aictor, Agbor. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Da
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 56

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Early the next morning, Aictor perched himself on the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp, and started to call Agbor Adam’s name as loudly as he could.

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**Who acts:** Aictor, Agbor · **What happens:** perch, start, call, name · **To what, where:** Aictor, topmost branch, name · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aictor, Agbor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:25:56
# text = Early the next morning, Aictor perched himself on the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp, and started to call Agbor Adam’s name as loudly as he could.
1	Early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Aictor	Aictor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	perched	perch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	topmost	topmost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	16	amod	_	_
16	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	Agbor	Agbor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod:poss	_	_
27	Adam	Adam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	’s	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
29	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
30	as	as	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
32	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
33	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perch** | past | Aictor | Aictor |  | the topmost branch of the highest tree in the hunting camp | morning |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on branch=Destination |
| 2 | **start** | past | Aictor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **call** | to-infinitive | Aictor *not said here* | Agbor's name |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 4 | **name** |  | Agbor |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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