--- title: Oyonga then asked the voice who it was speaking, and the voice repli… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: Oyonga then asked the voice who it was speaking, and the voice replied, “I am Ode, Chief Okim’s son who was lost, as when I took the pot down some of the soup made from my father’s goat, which my sister had stolen, fell over me, so that when I tried to cross the river on the spider’s web it broke by --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/63/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/) / 63 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3, sentence 63 Oyonga then asked the voice who it was speaking, and the voice replied, “I am Ode, Chief Okim’s son who was lost, as when I took the pot down some of the soup made from my father’s goat, which my sister had stolen, fell over me, so that when I tried to cross the river on the spider’s web it broke by the ordeal and I was lost in the water.” **Who acts:** Oyonga, voice · **What happens:** ask, speak, reply, be, lose, take down · **To what, where:** voice, son, pot, soup, goat, river · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oyonga, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:26:63 # text = Oyonga then asked the voice who it was speaking, and the voice replied, “I am Ode, Chief Okim’s son who was lost, as when I took the pot down some of the soup made from my father’s goat, which my sister had stolen, fell over me, so that when I tried to cross the river on the spider’s web it broke by the ordeal and I was lost in the water.” 1 Oyonga Oyonga PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 3 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 7 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 replied reply VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 “ " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 17 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 Ode Ode PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Chief Chief PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 Okim Okim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ’s 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 24 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 25 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 26 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 as as SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 30 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 32 advmod _ _ 31 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 pot pot NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 down down ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 36 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 32 obj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 soup soup NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 40 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 acl _ _ 41 from from ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 42 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ’s 's PART POS _ 43 case _ _ 45 goat goat NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 47 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 51 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 49 nmod:poss _ _ 49 sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nsubj _ _ 50 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 stolen steal VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 45 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 52 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 53 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 54 over over ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 53 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 57 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 61 mark _ _ 58 that that SCONJ IN _ 57 fixed _ _ 59 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 61 advmod _ _ 60 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 61 nsubj _ _ 61 tried try VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 conj _ _ 62 to to PART TO _ 63 mark _ _ 63 cross cross VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 61 xcomp _ _ 64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 obj _ _ 66 on on ADP IN _ 70 case _ _ 67 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 68 spider spider NOUN NN Number=Sing 70 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 69 ’s 's PART POS _ 68 case _ _ 70 web web NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 obl _ _ 71 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 72 nsubj _ _ 72 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 70 acl:relcl _ _ 73 by by ADP IN _ 75 case _ _ 74 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 75 det _ _ 75 ordeal ordeal NOUN NN Number=Sing 72 obl _ _ 76 and and CCONJ CC _ 79 cc _ _ 77 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 79 nsubj _ _ 78 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 79 aux:pass _ _ 79 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 53 conj _ _ 80 in in ADP IN _ 82 case _ _ 81 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 82 det _ _ 82 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 83 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 84 ” " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Oyonga | the voice | | | then | | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent voice=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · progressive | the voice | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the voice | Ode and Chief's son | | | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent son=Topic | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Oyonga | | | | | 's Ode and Chief; Chief *conj* | tree rules | | 5 | **lose** *in a quote* | past · passive | | Ode and Chief's son | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | | 6 | **take down** *in a quote* | past | Oyonga | the pot | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **make** *in a quote* | participle | | the soup *not said here* | | | | from my father's goat | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from goat=Material | | 8 | **steal** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive | | my father's goat | | | | my sister *nsubj* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 9 | **fall** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | over Oyonga | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over i=Location | | 10 | **try** *in a quote* | past | Oyonga | | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 11 | **cross** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | Oyonga *not said here* | the river | | the spider's web | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient | | 12 | **break** *in a quote* | past | voice | the spider's web *not said here* | | | | by the ordeal | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer web=Patient | | 13 | **lose** *in a quote* | past · passive | | Oyonga | | the water | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/62/) - next →: [sentence 64](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/64/) - ↑ back to [Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/)