---
title: They are boiled in three different waters, and so that each water is… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: They are boiled in three different waters, and so that each water is steamed away before the fresh water is added. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Fig. 2.--chief Indoma’s Compound., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Fig. 2.--chief Indoma’s Compound., sentence 19

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They are boiled in three different waters, and so that each water is steamed away before the fresh water is added.

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**What happens:** boil, steam away, add · **To what, where:** yams, water, fresh water

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Fig. 2.--chief Indoma’s Compound.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:29:19
# text = They are boiled in three different waters, and so that each water is steamed away before the fresh water is added.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	boiled	boil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	steamed	steam	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boil** | present · passive |  | yams *= yam* |  |  |  | in three different waters | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient in water=Instrument |
| 2 | **steam away** | present · passive |  | each water |  |  |  | away *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | the fresh water |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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