---
title: She used to walk from one town to another, and attend all the dances… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: She used to walk from one town to another, and attend all the dances and plays, as she was a good singer and dancer. Who acts: Awu. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, E. Dayrell., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, E. Dayrell., sentence 4

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She used to walk from one town to another, and attend all the dances and plays, as she was a good singer and dancer.

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**Who acts:** Awu · **What happens:** use, walk, attend, be · **To what, where:** one town, dances, good singer

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, E. Dayrell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Awu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:3:4
# text = She used to walk from one town to another, and attend all the dances and plays, as she was a good singer and dancer.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dances	dance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	plays	play	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
20	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	dancer	dancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Awu |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **walk** | to-infinitive | Awu *not said here* |  |  | one town |  | to another *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to another=Result |
| 3 | **attend** | infinitive | Awu *not said here* | all dances and plays |  |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dance=Goal |
| 4 | **is a** | past | Awu | a good singer and dancer |  |  |  | dancer *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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