---
title: When the planting season came round, which is towards the end of the… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When the planting season came round, which is towards the end of the dry season, the chief and his wife used to go off every morning early to their farm, returning in the evening. Who acts: planting season, chief. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--t
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 102

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When the planting season came round, which is towards the end of the dry season, the chief and his wife used to go off every morning early to their farm, returning in the evening.

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**Who acts:** planting season, chief · **What happens:** come round, be, use, go off, return · **To what, where:** dry season

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (planting season, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:4:103
# text = When the planting season came round, which is towards the end of the dry season, the chief and his wife used to go off every morning early to their farm, returning in the evening.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	planting	planting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	round	round	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
23	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	off	off	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
28	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl:unmarked	_	_
29	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	25	advmod	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	returning	return	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come round** | past | the planting season |  |  |  |  | round *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | towards the end; season | which *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | past | the chief and chief's wife | the dry season *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent season=Theme clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **go off** | to-infinitive | the chief and chief's wife *not said here* |  |  |  | morning | early *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **return** | gerund | the chief and chief's wife *not said here* |  |  |  | evening |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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