--- title: When all was quiet, and the hare thought everybody had gone to sleep… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When all was quiet, and the hare thought everybody had gone to sleep, he went round to the back of the tortoise’s house and put his right hand out to take the meat, but when his hand closed on the rubber, he found that he could not remove it because the rubber was so sticky. Who acts: all, hare, eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/48/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tor…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/) / 48 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 48 When all was quiet, and the hare thought everybody had gone to sleep, he went round to the back of the tortoise’s house and put his right hand out to take the meat, but when his hand closed on the rubber, he found that he could not remove it because the rubber was so sticky. **Who acts:** all, hare, everybody, tortoise, rubber · **What happens:** be, think, go, sleep, go round, put · **To what, where:** back, right hand, meat, hand, rubber · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, hare, everybody, tortoise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:4:48 # text = When all was quiet, and the hare thought everybody had gone to sleep, he went round to the back of the tortoise’s house and put his right hand out to take the meat, but when his hand closed on the rubber, he found that he could not remove it because the rubber was so sticky. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 quiet quiet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 hare hare NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 10 everybody everybody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 12 nsubj _ _ 11 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 ccomp _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 sleep sleep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 ccomp _ _ 18 round round ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 tortoise tortoise NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 25 ’s 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 30 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 32 out out ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 advcl _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 38 but but CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 39 when when SCONJ WRB _ 42 mark _ _ 40 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj:pass _ _ 42 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 43 on on ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 rubber rubber NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 48 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 49 that that SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 50 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 51 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 52 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 53 advmod _ _ 53 remove remove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 ccomp _ _ 54 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 obj _ _ 55 because because SCONJ IN _ 60 mark _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 rubber rubber NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nsubj _ _ 58 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 cop _ _ 59 so so ADV RB _ 60 advmod _ _ 60 sticky sticky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 61 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | all | | | | | quiet *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the hare | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **go** | past · perfect | everybody | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | everybody *not said here* | | | | | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **go round** | past | hare | | | the back of the tortoise's house | | round *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to back=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **put** | infinitive | hare *not said here* | tortoise's right hand | | | | out *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal | | 7 | **take** | to-infinitive | hare *not said here* | the meat | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme | | 8 | **close** | participle · passive | | tortoise's hand | | the rubber | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 9 | **find** | past | tortoise | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 10 | **not** **remove** | could | tortoise | meat | | | | | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 11 | **is** | past | the rubber | | | | | sticky *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/47/) - next →: [sentence 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/49/) - ↑ back to [Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/)