---
title: When they arrived at the forest they separated, Igiri going in one d… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When they arrived at the forest they separated, Igiri going in one direction and Inkang going off in another, but not so far away that they could not hear one another shout. Who acts: IGIRI. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Wh
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 87

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When they arrived at the forest they separated, Igiri going in one direction and Inkang going off in another, but not so far away that they could not hear one another shout.

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**Who acts:** IGIRI · **What happens:** arrive, separate, go, go off, not hear · **To what, where:** forest, one direction, another, one

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (IGIRI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:4:88
# text = When they arrived at the forest they separated, Igiri going in one direction and Inkang going off in another, but not so far away that they could not hear one another shout.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	separated	separate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	Igiri	Igiri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	Inkang	Inkang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	parataxis	_	_
18	off	off	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
29	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	advcl	_	_
32	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	31	obj	_	_
33	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	det	_	_
34	shout	shout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | IGIRI |  |  | the forest |  | away *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **separate** | past | IGIRI | the forest *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forest=Patient |
| 3 | **go** | gerund | Igiri |  |  | one direction and Inkang |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in direction=Location |
| 4 | **go off** | gerund |  |  |  | another |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in another=Location |
| 5 | **not** **hear** | could | IGIRI | one |  |  |  | another shout *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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