--- title: A few years after they had built their compound, the two adjoining c… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: A few years after they had built their compound, the two adjoining countries, Inde and Akparabong, made war against the Inkum, but Chief Indoma, who was skilled in warfare, led his people so well and wisely that both countries were driven back, and they have occupied the land ever since. Who acts: C --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/) / 31 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 31 A few years after they had built their compound, the two adjoining countries, Inde and Akparabong, made war against the Inkum, but Chief Indoma, who was skilled in warfare, led his people so well and wisely that both countries were driven back, and they have occupied the land ever since. **Who acts:** Chief, people · **What happens:** build, adjoin, make, skill, lead, drive back · **To what, where:** few years, war, Chief, warfare, people, countries This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:5:31 # text = A few years after they had built their compound, the two adjoining countries, Inde and Akparabong, made war against the Inkum, but Chief Indoma, who was skilled in warfare, led his people so well and wisely that both countries were driven back, and they have occupied the land ever since. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 after after SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 6 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 compound compound NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 12 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 13 adjoining adjoin VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 amod _ _ 14 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Inde Inde PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 Akparabong Akparabong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 21 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 against against ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 Inkum Inkum PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 27 Chief Chief PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 28 Indoma Indoma PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ _ 31 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 skilled skill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 acl _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 warfare warfare NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 36 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 37 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obj _ _ 39 so so ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 40 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 36 advmod _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 wisely wisely ADV RB _ 40 conj _ _ 43 that that SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 44 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 45 det _ _ 45 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nsubj _ _ 46 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux:pass _ _ 47 driven drive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 advcl _ _ 48 back back ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 51 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 52 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 53 occupied occupy VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obj _ _ 56 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 57 advmod _ _ 57 since since ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 58 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | past · perfect · passive | | a few years | | | | people *nsubj:pass*; people's compound the two adjoining countries Inde and Akparabong *obj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary compound=Product | | 2 | **adjoin** | gerund | | | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **make** | past | | war | | | | against the Inkum | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset war=Product | | 4 | **skill** | past · passive | | Chief | | warfare | | | tree rules | | 5 | **lead** | past | Chief | Chief's people | | | | well *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | | 6 | **drive back** | past · passive | | both countries | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Trajectory | | 7 | **occupy** | present · perfect | people | the land | | | ever | since *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus land=Experiencer | | 8 | **compound** | | people | | | | | | nom compound «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/30/) - next →: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/32/) - ↑ back to [Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/)