---
title: The man, who had been watching, saw Ewa Abagi and recognized her. — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The man, who had been watching, saw Ewa Abagi and recognized her. Who acts: man. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 102

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The man, who had been watching, saw Ewa Abagi and recognized her.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** watch, see, recognize · **To what, where:** Ewa

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:6:102
# text = The man, who had been watching, saw Ewa Abagi and recognized her.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux	_	_
7	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Ewa	Ewa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	Abagi	Abagi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	recognized	recognize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past · perfect · progressive | the man |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | past | the man | Ewa |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ewa=Stimulus |
| 3 | **recognize** | past | the man *not said here* | EWA |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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