--- title: He then told one of his slaves to bring the dried meat and kola, and… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: He then told one of his slaves to bring the dried meat and kola, and when it was brought, the spider eat all the meat and kola except two nuts, one of which he returned to the chief, and the other he gave to the grasshopper, saying, “You must wait, my friend Dabi, for your food, as this meat and kol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Sp…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/) / 11 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 11 He then told one of his slaves to bring the dried meat and kola, and when it was brought, the spider eat all the meat and kola except two nuts, one of which he returned to the chief, and the other he gave to the grasshopper, saying, “You must wait, my friend Dabi, for your food, as this meat and kola was brought for the stranger, and your name was not mentioned.” **Who acts:** chief, spider, other, You, your · **What happens:** tell, bring, dry, eat, return, give · **To what, where:** one, dried meat, kola, meat, chief, grasshopper · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, spider, other, You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:6:11 # text = He then told one of his slaves to bring the dried meat and kola, and when it was brought, the spider eat all the meat and kola except two nuts, one of which he returned to the chief, and the other he gave to the grasshopper, saying, “You must wait, my friend Dabi, for your food, as this meat and kola was brought for the stranger, and your name was not mentioned.” 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 3 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 slaves slave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 dried dry VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 amod _ _ 12 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 kola kola NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 20 advmod _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj:pass _ _ 19 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux:pass _ _ 20 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 spider spider NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ _ 25 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 27 det:predet _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 kola kola NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 except except ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 nuts nut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 24 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 38 obl _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 nsubj _ _ 46 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 48 to to ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 grasshopper grasshopper NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 52 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 47 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 53 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 54 “ " PUNCT `` _ 57 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 You you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 57 nsubj _ _ 56 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 57 wait wait VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 58 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 59 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 60 nmod:poss _ _ 60 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nmod:desc _ _ 61 Dabi Dabi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 57 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 62 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 63 for for ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 64 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 65 nmod:poss _ _ 65 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 66 , , PUNCT , _ 73 punct _ _ 67 as as SCONJ IN _ 73 mark _ _ 68 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 69 det _ _ 69 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 73 nsubj:pass _ _ 70 and and CCONJ CC _ 71 cc _ _ 71 kola kola NOUN NN Number=Sing 69 conj _ _ 72 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 73 aux:pass _ _ 73 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 57 conj _ _ 74 for for ADP IN _ 76 case _ _ 75 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 76 det _ _ 76 stranger stranger NOUN NN Number=Sing 73 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 77 , , PUNCT , _ 83 punct _ _ 78 and and CCONJ CC _ 83 cc _ _ 79 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 80 nmod:poss _ _ 80 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 83 nsubj:pass _ _ 81 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 83 aux:pass _ _ 82 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 83 advmod _ _ 83 mentioned mention VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 84 . . PUNCT . _ 83 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 85 ” " PUNCT '' _ 83 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | chief | one of chief's slaves | | | then | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent one=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **bring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | the dried meat and kola | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent meat=Theme | | 3 | **dry** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **bring** | past · passive | | kola | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **eat** | infinitive | the spider | all meat and kola | | | | except two nuts; one *obl* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Patient | | 6 | **return** | past | chief | | | the chief | | which *obl* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme of which=Initial\_Location to chief=Destination | | 7 | **give** | past | the other | | the grasshopper | | | chief *nsubj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to grasshopper=Recipient | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the other *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 9 | **wait** *in a quote* | must | You | Dabi my friend | | | | for your food | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **bring** *in a quote* | past · passive | | this meat and kola | | | | for the stranger | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | | 11 | **not** **mention** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past · passive | | your name | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | | 12 | **name** *in a quote* | | your | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/10/) - next →: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/12/) - ↑ back to [Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/)