---
title: Shortly after this, the dog, scenting some game, dived into the bush… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Shortly after this, the dog, scenting some game, dived into the bush, and very soon returned to the path with a small bush buck in his mouth. Who acts: dog. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 53

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Shortly after this, the dog, scenting some game, dived into the bush, and very soon returned to the path with a small bush buck in his mouth.

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**Who acts:** dog · **What happens:** scent, dive, return · **To what, where:** game, bush

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:6:53
# text = Shortly after this, the dog, scenting some game, dived into the bush, and very soon returned to the path with a small bush buck in his mouth.
1	Shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	after	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	scenting	scent	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	dived	dive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	very	very	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	20	advmod	_	_
20	returned	return	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	buck	buck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scent** | gerund | the dog | some game |  |  |  | shortly *property* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent game=Destination |
| 2 | **dive** | participle |  |  |  | the bush |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into bush=Location |
| 3 | **return** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to the path with a small bush buck in chief's mouth *result*; soon *property* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to path=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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