---
title: When the people of Insofan heard that the chief’s new wife had arriv… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When the people of Insofan heard that the chief’s new wife had arrived, many of them went to see her, as she was so well known by name. Who acts: people, new wife, many, name. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider a
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 87

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When the people of Insofan heard that the chief’s new wife had arrived, many of them went to see her, as she was so well known by name.

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**Who acts:** people, new wife, many, name · **What happens:** hear, arrive, go, see, know · **To what, where:** wife · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, new wife, many, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:6:87
# text = When the people of Insofan heard that the chief’s new wife had arrived, many of them went to see her, as she was so well known by name.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Insofan	Insofan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’s	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
22	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
25	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
27	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	advmod	_	_
29	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	conj	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the people of Insofan |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **arrive** | past · perfect | the chief's new wife |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | past | many of people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **see** | to-infinitive | many of people *not said here* | wife |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
| 5 | **know** | past · passive | name | wife |  |  |  | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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