---
title: She then painted her daughter with _okukum_,[1] and having helped th… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: She then painted her daughter with _okukum_,[1] and having helped the child with the water pot, she returned to the river, and Essere went home. Who acts: EWA, Essere. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the G
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 96

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She then painted her daughter with \_okukum\_,\[1\] and having helped the child with the water pot, she returned to the river, and Essere went home.

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**Who acts:** EWA, Essere · **What happens:** paint, have, help, return, go · **To what, where:** daughter, child

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (EWA, Essere), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:6:96
# text = She then painted her daughter with _okukum_,[1] and having helped the child with the water pot, she returned to the river, and Essere went home.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	okukum	okukum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	1	1	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	nsubj	_	_
16	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	Essere	Essere	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
33	home	home	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | EWA |  | EWA's daughter |  | then | with okukum | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent daughter=Destination with okukum=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **help** | past |  |  | the child |  |  | with the water pot; 1 *discourse* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary with pot=Theme |
| 4 | **return** | past | EWA |  |  |  |  | to the river *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to river=Result |
| 5 | **go** | past | Essere |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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