---
title: When the Inkum people first came to the Cross River about one hundre… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Inkum people first came to the Cross River about one hundred years ago, Chief Indoma established the five Inkum towns on the right bank of the river, and Chief Awum took his people over to the other side, and, having given the Enfitop people presents, asked them to allow him to build his to
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inku…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/) / 1

# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the Inkum people first came to the Cross River about one hundred years ago, Chief Indoma established the five Inkum towns on the right bank of the river, and Chief Awum took his people over to the other side, and, having given the Enfitop people presents, asked them to allow him to build his town there, and also requested them to give him sufficient bush where he and his people could make their farms.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Inkum people, Chief · **What happens:** come, establish, take over, give, ask, allow · **To what, where:** Cross River, five Inkum towns, right bank, people, people presents, Chief

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Inkum people, Chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:7:1
# text = When the Inkum people first came to the Cross River about one hundred years ago, Chief Indoma established the five Inkum towns on the right bank of the river, and Chief Awum took his people over to the other side, and, having given the Enfitop people presents, asked them to allow him to build his town there, and also requested them to give him sufficient bush where he and his people could make their farms.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Inkum	Inkum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Cross	Cross	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	about	about	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	compound	_	_
13	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
17	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	Indoma	Indoma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
19	established	establish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
22	Inkum	Inkum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
34	Awum	Awum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	flat	_	_
35	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	_
38	over	over	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
39	to	to	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
41	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
46	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	47	aux	_	_
47	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	35	conj	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
49	Enfitop	Enfitop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	compound	_	_
50	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	compound	_	_
51	presents	present	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
53	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	parataxis	_	_
54	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	53	obj	_	_
55	to	to	PART	TO	_	56	mark	_	_
56	allow	allow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	xcomp	_	_
57	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	iobj	_	_
58	to	to	PART	TO	_	59	mark	_	_
59	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	56	xcomp	_	_
60	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	61	nmod:poss	_	_
61	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obj	_	_
62	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	59	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	66	punct	_	_
64	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	66	cc	_	_
65	also	also	ADV	RB	_	66	advmod	_	_
66	requested	request	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	conj	_	_
67	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	66	obj	_	_
68	to	to	PART	TO	_	69	mark	_	_
69	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	66	xcomp	_	_
70	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	69	iobj	_	_
71	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	72	amod	_	_
72	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	obj	_	_
73	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	79	advmod	_	_
74	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	79	nsubj	_	_
75	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	79	cc	_	_
76	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	77	nmod:poss	_	_
77	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	79	nsubj	_	_
78	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	79	aux	_	_
79	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	72	acl:relcl	_	_
80	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	81	nmod:poss	_	_
81	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	79	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
82	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the Inkum people |  |  | the Cross River |  | ago, first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **establish** | past | Chief | the five Inkum towns |  | the right bank of the river |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent town=Theme on bank=Source |
| 3 | **take over** | past | Chief | Chief's people |  |  |  | to the other side; over *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 4 | **give** | gerund · perfect | Chief *not said here* | people presents |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent present=Theme |
| 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past |  |  | people |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 6 | **allow** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  | Chief |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer he=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 7 | **build** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | Chief's town |  | there |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset town=Product |
| 8 | **request** | past |  | people |  |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 9 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | sufficient bush | Chief |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient bush=Theme |
| 10 | **make** | could | Chief | people's farms |  |  |  | Chief's people *nsubj* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farm=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Vii.--how Two Friends Fell O…, 124](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/124/)
- next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/2/)
- ↑ back to [Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/)