---
title: As nothing had happened to him the first day, he went down again in… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: As nothing had happened to him the first day, he went down again in the afternoon when the sun was not quite so hot, and jumped into the deep water, but the water ju-ju, who was waiting for him, at once seized him and dragged him out of sight under the water. Who acts: Chief, sun, water. A sentence 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 157

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As nothing had happened to him the first day, he went down again in the afternoon when the sun was not quite so hot, and jumped into the deep water, but the water ju-ju, who was waiting for him, at once seized him and dragged him out of sight under the water.

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**Who acts:** Chief, sun, water · **What happens:** happen, go down, not be, jump, wait, seize · **To what, where:** Chief, deep water, sight

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, sun, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:7:157
# text = As nothing had happened to him the first day, he went down again in the afternoon when the sun was not quite so hot, and jumped into the deep water, but the water ju-ju, who was waiting for him, at once seized him and dragged him out of sight under the water.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	obl	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
23	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
34	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	_
37	ju	ju	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	ju	ju	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj	_	_
42	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	36	acl	_	_
44	for	for	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
47	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
48	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	49	advmod	_	_
49	seized	seize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
50	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obj	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	dragged	drag	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	conj	_	_
53	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	obj	_	_
54	out	out	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
57	under	under	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
59	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past · perfect |  |  | Chief |  | day | as nothing | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go down** | past | Chief |  |  |  | again; afternoon | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | the sun |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **jump** | past | Chief *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into the deep water *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into water=Result |
| 5 | **wait** | past · progressive | the water |  |  |  |  | for Chief | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **seize** | past | the water | Chief |  |  |  | once *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 7 | **drag** | past | the water *not said here* | Chief |  | sight |  | under the water | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme out sight=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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