---
title: The body was then cut up into small pieces and divided amongst the m… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The body was then cut up into small pieces and divided amongst the members of the society, who lit fires and cooked and eat their portions. Who acts: society. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., with it
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 18

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The body was then cut up into small pieces and divided amongst the members of the society, who lit fires and cooked and eat their portions.

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**Who acts:** society · **What happens:** cut up, divide, light, cook, eat · **To what, where:** body, small pieces, fires, portions

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (society), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:7:18
# text = The body was then cut up into small pieces and divided amongst the members of the society, who lit fires and cooked and eat their portions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	amongst	amongst	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	society	society	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	lit	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
21	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	portions	portion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut up** | past · passive |  | the body |  | small pieces | then |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into piece=Product |
| 2 | **divide** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | amongst the members of the society | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **light** | past | the society | fires |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product |
| 4 | **cook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **eat** | present |  | fires's portions |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent portion=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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