--- title: After a long discussion, it was decided to drive the Inkum people aw… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: After a long discussion, it was decided to drive the Inkum people away, and to send them back across the river again, so a message was sent to Chief Indoma to tell his people to leave their town at Enfitop and go over to the Inkum side. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elph --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inku…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/) / 35 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 35 After a long discussion, it was decided to drive the Inkum people away, and to send them back across the river again, so a message was sent to Chief Indoma to tell his people to leave their town at Enfitop and go over to the Inkum side. **What happens:** decide, drive, send back, send, tell, leave · **To what, where:** palaver, Inkum people, people, river, message, Chief · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:7:35 # text = After a long discussion, it was decided to drive the Inkum people away, and to send them back across the river again, so a message was sent to Chief Indoma to tell his people to leave their town at Enfitop and go over to the Inkum side. 1 After after ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 discussion discussion NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 decided decide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 drive drive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 Inkum Inkum PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 14 away away ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ _ 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 back back ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 21 across across ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 again again ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 message message NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 sent send VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Chief Chief PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 33 Indoma Indoma PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 flat _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 advcl _ _ 36 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 iobj _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 ccomp _ _ 40 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Enfitop Enfitop PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 conj _ _ 46 over over ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 47 to to ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 49 Inkum Inkum PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 compound _ _ 50 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **decide** | past · passive | | palaver | | | after a long discussion | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent that S»: subject=Co-Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **drive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | the Inkum people | | | | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | | 3 | **send back** | to-infinitive | | people | | the river | again | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 4 | **send** | past · passive | | a message | Chief | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to chief=Destination | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | | | Chief's people | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | | 6 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | people's town | | Enfitop | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent town=Theme at enfitop=Location | | 7 | **go over** | infinitive | | | | | | to the Inkum side; over *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/34/) - next →: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/36/) - ↑ back to [Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/)