---
title: After another year had passed, Osewo, having drunk a lot of tombo on… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: After another year had passed, Osewo, having drunk a lot of tombo one evening, sent for Agbor to sleep with him, and in due course she conceived and gave birth to a little girl baby whose name was ’Nse. Who acts: chief. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., sentence 11

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After another year had passed, Osewo, having drunk a lot of tombo one evening, sent for Agbor to sleep with him, and in due course she conceived and gave birth to a little girl baby whose name was ’Nse.

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**Who acts:** chief · **What happens:** pass, have, send, sleep, conceive, give · **To what, where:** Osewo, lot, due course, birth, little girl baby

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:8:11
# text = After another year had passed, Osewo, having drunk a lot of tombo one evening, sent for Agbor to sleep with him, and in due course she conceived and gave birth to a little girl baby whose name was ’Nse.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Osewo	Osewo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
10	drunk	drunk	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	tombo	tombo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Agbor	Agbor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
30	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	conceived	conceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
34	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
37	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
38	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
40	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
42	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	cop	_	_
43	’	'	X	GW	_	39	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	Nse	Nse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	goeswith	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past · perfect |  | Osewo |  |  | year |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | drunk lot of tombo |  |  | evening |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 3 | **send** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for Agbor | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sleep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Agbor | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **conceive** | past | chief |  |  | due course |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **give** | past | chief *not said here* | birth | a little girl baby |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent birth=Theme to baby=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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