---
title: _--It is not the one who makes the fire to boil the koko yams[3] who… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: _--It is not the one who makes the fire to boil the koko yams[3] who is most likely to eat them. Who acts: share, one, fire, koko yams. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., with its dependency tre
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed., sentence 82

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\_--It is not the one who makes the fire to boil the koko yams\[3\] who is most likely to eat them.

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**Who acts:** share, one, fire, koko yams · **What happens:** not be, make, boil, be, eat · **To what, where:** one, fire, koko yams, yams

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xi.--how a Father Tried to Kill One of His Sons But Failed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (share, one, fire, koko yams), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:8:82
# text = _--It is not the one who makes the fire to boil the koko yams[3] who is most likely to eat them.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	boil	boil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	koko	koko	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	yams	yam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	23	advmod	_	_
23	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	acl:relcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | share | the one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | the one | the fire |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **boil** | to-infinitive | the fire *not said here* | the koko yams |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent yam=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | the koko yams |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **eat** | to-infinitive | the koko yams *not said here* | yams *= yam* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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