---
title: Now Balna's son was a bright, clever boy, so he said, "Do not fear,… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Balna's son was a bright, clever boy, so he said, "Do not fear, dear mother; the first thing to do is to discover how far the Magician's power extends, in order that we may be able to liberate my father and uncles, whom he has imprisoned in the form of rocks and trees. Who acts: son, first thing
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 4, sentence 31

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Balna's son was a bright, clever boy, so he said, "Do not fear, dear mother; the first thing to do is to discover how far the Magician's power extends, in order that we may be able to liberate my father and uncles, whom he has imprisoned in the form of rocks and trees.

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**Who acts:** son, first thing, power, we · **What happens:** be, say, not fear, do, extend, liberate · **To what, where:** bright clever boy, dear mother, order, father, form, rocks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, first thing, power, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:10:31
# text = Now Balna's son was a bright, clever boy, so he said, "Do not fear, dear mother; the first thing to do is to discover how far the Magician's power extends, in order that we may be able to liberate my father and uncles, whom he has imprisoned in the form of rocks and trees.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	Balna	Balna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	fear	fear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	26	amod	_	_
26	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	acl	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	discover	discover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl:relcl	_	_
32	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	33	advmod	_	_
33	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	38	advmod	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	Magician	Magician	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	's	's	PART	POS	_	35	case	_	_
37	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
38	extends	extend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	46	mark	_	_
43	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
44	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
45	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	cop	_	_
46	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	acl	_	_
47	to	to	PART	TO	_	48	mark	_	_
48	liberate	liberate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	xcomp	_	_
49	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	uncles	uncle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
54	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	57	nsubj:pass	_	_
55	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	57	nsubj	_	_
56	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	57	aux	_	_
57	imprisoned	imprison	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	50	acl	_	_
58	in	in	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	_
61	of	of	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
62	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	60	nmod	_	_
63	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
64	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Balna's son | a bright clever boy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | son | a bright clever boy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **fear** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  | dear mother |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mother=Stimulus |
| 4 | **do** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the first thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the first thing |  |  |  |  | discover *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **extend** *in a quote* | present | the Magician's power |  |  | order |  | far *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in order=Location |
| 7 | **is** *in a quote* | may | we | order *not said here* |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **liberate** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | my father and uncles |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent father=Theme |
| 9 | **imprison** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | my father and uncles |  | the form of rocks and trees |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in form=Destination |
| 10 | **form** *in a quote* |  |  | rocks and trees |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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