---
title: At the same time he observed that these last had placed their weapon… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: At the same time he observed that these last had placed their weapons on the ground, in the assurance of having thoroughly cowed the traders, who were now commencing to dance. Who acts: manner, assurance, traders. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, par
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 14, sentence 48

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the same time he observed that these last had placed their weapons on the ground, in the assurance of having thoroughly cowed the traders, who were now commencing to dance.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** manner, assurance, traders · **What happens:** observe, place, have, cow, commence, dance · **To what, where:** same time, weapons, ground, traders

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (manner, assurance, traders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:20:48
# text = At the same time he observed that these last had placed their weapons on the ground, in the assurance of having thoroughly cowed the traders, who were now commencing to dance.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	observed	observe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
23	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	cowed	cow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	traders	trader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	31	advmod	_	_
31	commencing	commence	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	conj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	dance	dance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | past | manner | the same time *not said here* |  |  |  | last *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent time=Topic |
| 2 | **place** | past · perfect |  | merchants's weapons |  | the ground | time |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Theme on ground=Destination |
| 3 | **have** | gerund | the assurance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cow** | past | the assurance | the traders |  |  |  | thoroughly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus trader=Experiencer |
| 5 | **commence** | past · progressive | the traders |  |  |  | now |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **dance** | to-infinitive | the traders *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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