--- title: They invariably begin with a "Story of the Present," an incident in… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: They invariably begin with a "Story of the Present," an incident in Buddha's life which calls up to him a "Story of the Past," a folk-tale in which he had played a part during one of his former incarnations. Who acts: JATAKAS, life, Buddha. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/29/121/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Indian Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/) / [Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/29/) / 121 # Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 23, sentence 121 They invariably begin with a "Story of the Present," an incident in Buddha's life which calls up to him a "Story of the Past," a folk-tale in which he had played a part during one of his former incarnations. **Who acts:** JATAKAS, life, Buddha · **What happens:** begin, call up, play · **To what, where:** incident, Story, Buddha, part, folk tale This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (JATAKAS, life, Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg7128:29:121 # text = They invariably begin with a "Story of the Present," an incident in Buddha's life which calls up to him a "Story of the Past," a folk-tale in which he had played a part during one of his former incarnations. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 invariably invariably ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 begin begin VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 Story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 Present present NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 13 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 incident incident NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 Buddha Buddha PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 17 's 's PART POS _ 16 case _ _ 18 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 calls call VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 up up ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 26 Story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Past Past PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 31 " " PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 folk folk NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 tale tale NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 appos _ _ 36 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 obl _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 played play VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 acl:relcl _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 during during ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 40 obl _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 46 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 47 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 48 incarnations incarnation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | present | JATAKAS *= jataka* | a incident in Buddha's life | | | | with a Story of the Present; invariably *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with story=Subeventuality | | 2 | **call up** *speech: assert* | present | Buddha's life | a Story of the Past | Buddha | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Topic to he=Recipient | | 3 | **play** | past · perfect | Buddha | a part | | a folk tale | during one of Buddha's former incarnations | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 120](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/29/120/) - next →: [sentence 122](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/29/122/) - ↑ back to [Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/29/)