---
title: Some--as Benfey in Germany, M. Cosquin in France, and Mr. Clouston i… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Some--as Benfey in Germany, M. Cosquin in France, and Mr. Clouston in England--have declared that India is the Home of the Fairy Tale, and that all European fairy tales have been brought from thence by Crusaders, by Mongol missionaries, by Gipsies, by Jews, by traders, by travellers. Who acts: trade
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Joseph Jacobs, sentence 15

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Some--as Benfey in Germany, M. Cosquin in France, and Mr. Clouston in England--have declared that India is the Home of the Fairy Tale, and that all European fairy tales have been brought from thence by Crusaders, by Mongol missionaries, by Gipsies, by Jews, by traders, by travellers.

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**Who acts:** traders, India, Crusaders · **What happens:** declare, be, bring · **To what, where:** Benfey, Home, European fairy tales

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Joseph Jacobs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traders, India, Crusaders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:3:15
# text = Some--as Benfey in Germany, M. Cosquin in France, and Mr. Clouston in England--have declared that India is the Home of the Fairy Tale, and that all European fairy tales have been brought from thence by Crusaders, by Mongol missionaries, by Gipsies, by Jews, by traders, by travellers.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Benfey	Benfey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	M.	M.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Cosquin	Cosquin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:desc	_	_
15	Clouston	Clouston	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	declared	declare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	xcomp	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Fairy	Fairy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	Tale	Tale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
33	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	det	_	_
34	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
35	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	39	aux:pass	_	_
39	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
40	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	thence	thence	ADV	RB	_	39	obl	_	_
42	by	by	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Crusaders	crusader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
45	by	by	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	missionaries	missionary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
49	by	by	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	Gipsies	gipsy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
52	by	by	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
55	by	by	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	traders	trader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	by	by	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **declare** *speech: other* | present · perfect · passive | traders and travellers | some Benfey in Germany and M. Cosquin in France and Clouston  Mr. in England |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **is a** | present | India | the Home |  |  |  | of the Fairy Tale | tree rules |
| 3 | **bring** | present · perfect · passive | Crusaders | all European fairy tales |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from thence=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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