---
title: The Jatakas have been fortunate in their English translators, who re… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Jatakas have been fortunate in their English translators, who render with vigour and point; and I rejoice in being able to publish the translation of two new Jatakas, kindly done into English for this volume by Mr. W. H. D. Rouse, of Christ's College, Cambridge. Who acts: Jatakas, English transl
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Joseph Jacobs, sentence 27

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Jatakas have been fortunate in their English translators, who render with vigour and point; and I rejoice in being able to publish the translation of two new Jatakas, kindly done into English for this volume by Mr. W. H. D. Rouse, of Christ's College, Cambridge.

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**Who acts:** Jatakas, English translators, I, two new Jatakas · **What happens:** be, render, rejoice, publish, do, translate · **To what, where:** English translators, translation, two new Jatakas, English

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Joseph Jacobs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jatakas, English translators, I, two new Jatakas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:3:27
# text = The Jatakas have been fortunate in their English translators, who render with vigour and point; and I rejoice in being able to publish the translation of two new Jatakas, kindly done into English for this volume by Mr. W. H. D. Rouse, of Christ's College, Cambridge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Jatakas	jataka	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	fortunate	fortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	translators	translator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	render	render	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	vigour	vigour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	cop	_	_
23	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	advcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	publish	publish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	_
30	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	Jatakas	jataka	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	acl	_	_
35	into	into	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
37	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	39	det	_	_
39	volume	volume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nmod:desc	_	_
42	W.	W.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
43	H.	H.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	flat	_	_
44	D.	D.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	flat	_	_
45	Rouse	Rouse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
48	Christ	Christ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	's	's	PART	POS	_	48	case	_	_
50	College	College	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
52	Cambridge	Cambridge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | the Jatakas |  |  | Jatakas's English translators |  | fortunate *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **render** | present | Jatakas's English translators |  |  |  |  | with vigour and point | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rejoice** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **publish** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the translation of two new Jatakas |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent translation=Result |
| 6 | **do** | participle |  | two new Jatakas *not said here* |  | English |  | for this volume by W.  Mr.; kindly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **translate** |  | two new Jatakas |  |  |  |  |  | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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