---
title: Whether brought there or born there, we have scarcely any criterion… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Whether brought there or born there, we have scarcely any criterion for judging; but as some of those still current among the folk in India can be traced back more than a millennium, the presumption is in favour of an Indian origin. Who acts: we, criterion, presumption. A sentence of «Indian Fairy T
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/3/35/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Indian Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/) / [Joseph Jacobs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/3/) / 35

# Indian Fairy Tales, Joseph Jacobs, sentence 35

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether brought there or born there, we have scarcely any criterion for judging; but as some of those still current among the folk in India can be traced back more than a millennium, the presumption is in favour of an Indian origin.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** we, criterion, presumption · **What happens:** bring, bear, have, judge, trace, be · **To what, where:** criterion, more, favour

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Joseph Jacobs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, criterion, presumption), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:3:35
# text = Whether brought there or born there, we have scarcely any criterion for judging; but as some of those still current among the folk in India can be traced back more than a millennium, the presumption is in favour of an Indian origin.
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
6	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	criterion	criterion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	judging	judge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	22	nsubj	_	_
21	still	still	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	current	current	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
23	among	among	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	traced	trace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	advcl	_	_
31	back	back	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	30	obj	_	_
33	than	than	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	millennium	millennium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	presumption	presumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
39	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bear** | participle |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **have** | present | we | any criterion |  |  |  | scarcely *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent criterion=Patient |
| 4 | **judge** | gerund | any criterion *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **trace** | can · passive |  | more |  |  |  | among the folk in India | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: more=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | present | the presumption |  |  | favour |  | of a Indian origin | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/3/34/)
- next →: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/3/36/)
- ↑ back to [Joseph Jacobs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7128/3/)