---
title: Borrowing tales is a mutual process, and when Indian meets European,… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Borrowing tales is a mutual process, and when Indian meets European, European meets Indian; which borrowed from which, is a question which we have very few criteria to decide. Who acts: Borrowing, mutual process, we. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, 
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 24, sentence 74

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borrowing tales is a mutual process, and when Indian meets European, European meets Indian; which borrowed from which, is a question which we have very few criteria to decide.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Borrowing, mutual process, we · **What happens:** borrow, be, meet, have, decide · **To what, where:** tales, mutual process, question

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Borrowing, mutual process, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:30:74
# text = Borrowing tales is a mutual process, and when Indian meets European, European meets Indian; which borrowed from which, is a question which we have very few criteria to decide.
1	Borrowing	borrow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mutual	mutual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
10	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	meets	meet	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	meets	meet	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
16	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obj	_	_
27	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	very	very	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	criteria	criterion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	decide	decide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | gerund |  | tales |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tale=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Borrowing | a mutual process |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **meet** | present |  |  |  |  |  | european *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **meet** | present |  |  |  |  |  | indian *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **borrow** | past | a mutual process | a mutual process |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 6 | **is a** | present | a mutual process | a question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **have** | present | we | a question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **decide** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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