---
title: The lion brings his benefactor a leveret, the serpent "gemmam pretio… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The lion brings his benefactor a leveret, the serpent "gemmam pretiosam," probably "the precious jewel in his head" to which Shakespeare alludes (_As You Like It_, ii. Who acts: lion, serpent, Shakespeare, You. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, X. the Soothsayer's Son., with its d
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, X. the Soothsayer's Son., sentence 18

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The lion brings his benefactor a leveret, the serpent "gemmam pretiosam," probably "the precious jewel in his head" to which Shakespeare alludes (\_As You Like It\_, ii.

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**Who acts:** lion, serpent, Shakespeare, You · **What happens:** bring, pretiosam, allude, like · **To what, where:** benefactor, ii, jewel

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, X. the Soothsayer's Son.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, serpent, Shakespeare, You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:41:18
# text = The lion brings his benefactor a leveret, the serpent "gemmam pretiosam," probably "the precious jewel in his head" to which Shakespeare alludes (_As You Like It_, ii.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	benefactor	benefactor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	leveret	leveret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	serpent	serpent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	gemmam	gemmam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	pretiosam	pretiosam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
16	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	3	parataxis	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	jewel	jewel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obl	_	_
27	Shakespeare	Shakespeare	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	alludes	allude	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	parataxis	_	_
29	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
32	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	Like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	_
34	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	33	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	ii	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | the lion | Vitalis's benefactor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pretiosam** *in a quote* |  | serpent |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **allude** | present | Shakespeare | ii |  |  |  | to serpent's head | tree rules |
| 4 | **like** | present | You | jewel |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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