---
title: It is impossible to imagine that incident--occurring in the same ser… — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: It is impossible to imagine that incident--occurring in the same series of incidents--to have been invented more than once, and if that part of the story has been borrowed from India, there is no reason why the whole of it should not have arisen in India, and have been spread to the West. A sentence
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, XII. the Charmed Ring., sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is impossible to imagine that incident--occurring in the same series of incidents--to have been invented more than once, and if that part of the story has been borrowed from India, there is no reason why the whole of it should not have arisen in India, and have been spread to the West.

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**What happens:** be, imagine, occur, invent, borrow, not arise · **To what, where:** incident, same series, more, part, India, reason

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XII. the Charmed Ring.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:43:22
# text = It is impossible to imagine that incident--occurring in the same series of incidents--to have been invented more than once, and if that part of the story has been borrowed from India, there is no reason why the whole of it should not have arisen in India, and have been spread to the West.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	imagine	imagine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	incident	incident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	occurring	occur	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	incidents	incident	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
21	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	obj	_	_
22	than	than	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
26	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
27	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
33	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	advcl	_	_
35	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
38	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	39	expl	_	_
39	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
40	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	41	det	_	_
41	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
42	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	50	advmod	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	parataxis	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obl	_	_
47	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
48	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
49	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	50	aux	_	_
50	arisen	arise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	41	acl:relcl	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
54	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
55	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	57	aux	_	_
56	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	57	aux:pass	_	_
57	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	50	conj	_	_
58	to	to	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	West	West	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | impossible *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **imagine** | to-infinitive |  | that incident |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot incident=Theme |
| 3 | **occur** | gerund |  |  |  | the same series of incidents |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in series=Location |
| 4 | **invent** | to-infinitive · perfect · passive |  | more |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: more=Result |
| 5 | **borrow** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · perfect · passive |  | that part of the story |  | India |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from india=Source |
| 6 | **is a** | present |  | no reason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **not** **arise** | should · perfect |  |  |  | India |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in india=Location |
| 8 | **spread** | present · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  | to the West | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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