---
title: _--This is one of the earliest of moral allegories in existence. — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: _--This is one of the earliest of moral allegories in existence. Who acts: _. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XVII. a Lesson For Kings., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, XVII. a Lesson For Kings., sentence 5

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\_--This is one of the earliest of moral allegories in existence.

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**Who acts:** \_ · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** one

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XVII. a Lesson For Kings.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (\_), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:48:5
# text = _--This is one of the earliest of moral allegories in existence.
1	_	_	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	moral	moral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	allegories	allegory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | \_ | one |  |  |  | of the earliest | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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