---
title: Child, _Eng. and Scotch Ballads_, i. 485; see also Benfey, _Kl. — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Child, _Eng. and Scotch Ballads_, i. 485; see also Benfey, _Kl. Who acts: Child. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXIV. Why the Fish Laughed., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, XXIV. Why the Fish Laughed., sentence 7

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Child, \_Eng. and Scotch Ballads\_, i. 485; see also Benfey, \_Kl.

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**Who acts:** Child · **What happens:** scotch, see · **To what, where:** Ballads, Benfey

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXIV. Why the Fish Laughed.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:55:7
# text = Child, _Eng. and Scotch Ballads_, i. 485; see also Benfey, _Kl.
1	Child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Eng	Eng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Scotch	scotch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	Ballads	ballad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	i.	i.	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	obj	_	_
12	485	485	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
15	also	also	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	Benfey	Benfey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	_	_	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Kl	Kl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scotch** | infinitive | Child | Ballads |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | infinitive | Child *not said here* | Benfey |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer benfey=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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