---
title: He found them crying by the ruins of their mother's grave. — Indian Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He found them crying by the ruins of their mother's grave. Who acts: thing, daughters. A sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Indian Fairy Tales, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 3, sentence 66

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He found them crying by the ruins of their mother's grave.

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**Who acts:** thing, daughters · **What happens:** find, cry, ruin · **To what, where:** daughters, grave

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This is a sentence of «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Demon With Matted Hair " 196, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, daughters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7128:9:66
# text = He found them crying by the ruins of their mother's grave.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ruins	ruin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | thing | daughters *= daughter* |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent they=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | daughters *= daughter* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the ruins of daughters's mother's grave | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by ruin=Location |
| 3 | **ruin** |  |  | daughters's mother's grave |  |  |  |  | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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