---
title: Come up, come up; there is an army going away with the cattle.” — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Come up, come up; there is an army going away with the cattle.” Who acts: you, army. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 102

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Come up, come up; there is an army going away with the cattle.”

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**Who acts:** you, army · **What happens:** come up, be, go away

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:102
# text = Come up, come up; there is an army going away with the cattle.”
1	Come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come up** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **be** | present | a army |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **go away** | gerund | a army *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the cattle; away *property* | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with cattle=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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