---
title: Hlakanyana said: “Take that pot, grandmother, and go for some water.” — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Hlakanyana said: “Take that pot, grandmother, and go for some water.” Who acts: Hlakanyana. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 148

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Hlakanyana said: “Take that pot, grandmother, and go for some water.”

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**Who acts:** Hlakanyana · **What happens:** say, take, go · **To what, where:** pot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:148
# text = Hlakanyana said: “Take that pot, grandmother, and go for some water.”
1	Hlakanyana	Hlakanyana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Hlakanyana |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | that pot and grandmother |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Theme |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for some water | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for water=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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