---
title: Sapekapekana, We cooked each other, Ndagwanya, I was half cooked, Wa… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Sapekapekana, We cooked each other, Ndagwanya, I was half cooked, Wapekwa wada wavutwa. Who acts: Sapekapekana. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 187

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Sapekapekana, We cooked each other, Ndagwanya, I was half cooked, Wapekwa wada wavutwa.

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**Who acts:** Sapekapekana · **What happens:** cook · **To what, where:** each, I

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sapekapekana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:187
# text = Sapekapekana, We cooked each other, Ndagwanya, I was half cooked, Wapekwa wada wavutwa.
1	Sapekapekana	Sapekapekana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cooked	cook	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	4	obj	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Ndagwanya	Ndagwanya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	13	advmod	_	_
13	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	Wapekwa	Wapekwa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	wada	wada	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	wavutwa	wavutwa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | past | Sapekapekana | each |  |  |  | Ndagwanya *vocative*; We *nsubj* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent each=Patient |
| 2 | **cook** | past · passive |  | I |  |  |  | Wapekwa wada wavutwa *obl*; half *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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