---
title: When Hlakanyana came out he said: “Let us go now and eat our birds.” — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: When Hlakanyana came out he said: “Let us go now and eat our birds.” Who acts: Hlakanyana, us. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 204

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When Hlakanyana came out he said: “Let us go now and eat our birds.”

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**Who acts:** Hlakanyana, us · **What happens:** come out, say, let, go, eat · **To what, where:** us, birds · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:204
# text = When Hlakanyana came out he said: “Let us go now and eat our birds.”
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	Hlakanyana	Hlakanyana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
4	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past | Hlakanyana |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Hlakanyana |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  | now |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **eat** *in a quote* | present |  | our birds |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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