---
title: Then Hlakanyana took the thorns out of his feet, and the other was o… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Hlakanyana took the thorns out of his feet, and the other was obliged to walk lame. Who acts: Hlakanyana. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Hlakanyana., sentence 261

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Then Hlakanyana took the thorns out of his feet, and the other was obliged to walk lame.

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**Who acts:** Hlakanyana · **What happens:** take, oblige, walk · **To what, where:** thorns, feet, other, lame

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Hlakanyana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hlakanyana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:10:261
# text = Then Hlakanyana took the thorns out of his feet, and the other was obliged to walk lame.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Hlakanyana	Hlakanyana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	lame	lame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Hlakanyana | the thorns |  | Hlakanyana's feet | then |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent thorn=Theme out foot=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | the other |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **walk** | to-infinitive |  | lame |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lame=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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